This chapter explores the concepts of resilience and circular economy to see if they can complement each other. Whilst resilience thinking is focused on vulnerability, system adaptation and transformation, circular economy is oriented at optimizing value from the (natural) resources that are available to societies. We use the city of Can Tho in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta as a case study and demonstrate that a circular plastic approach can be supportive for implementing the resilience strategy. It is found that the use of floating structures for agriculture and aquaculture made of recycled (river) plastic could benefit the livelihoods of local people in terms of minimizing damage and casualties caused by river erosion and seasonal flooding on the one hand, and adding extra income and food security on the other. Including the concept of circular economy may contribute to the adaptive capacity of flood-prone communities in the Vietnamese Mekong delta and as such enhance their resilience.