The present work was under taken with the aim to evaluate Setaria sphacelata productivity, quality and persistence on paddy soil and orchard soil under different cutting periods and fertilizer sources. It was shown that at 45-day cutting interval, Setaria sphacelata grass provided good biomass yield when planted in both paddy soil (6.99 tons DM/ha/year) and orchard soil (4.63 tons DM/ha/year). However, under both conditions, protein content reduced markedly from 12.4% to 8.8% when expanding cutting day from 30 to 45 days of planting. In addition, total oxalate content of Setaria grass reduced with advancing maturity (67.3 to 53.6 g/kg DM, respectively). Different fertilizer sources appeared to affect green and DM biomass only when grass was planted in paddy soil, of which a combination of nitrogen and cow manure appeared to be superior (54.0 and 6.37 tons/ha/year, respectively).