The paper aimed at studying the determinants on frequency of board meetings and its effect on the financial performance of listed firms on Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange (HOSE). The data were hand-collected from 260 companies listed in the period of 2015 - 2017. The research results showed that the company size was positively associated with the frequency of board meetings. Companies that have established an audit committee were also found to have a positive impact on the frequency of board meetings. Besides, debt ratio was found to have a positive impact on the frequency of board meetings. In addition, the study showed that the higher the board size was, the more frequent the board meetings were. The company with more independent board members also led to a higher frequency of board meetings. However, there was no statistical evidence on the relationship between CEO duality and the frequency of board meetings. Finally, there was evidence that listed companies with higher frequency of board meetings had a positive impact on financial performance of listed firms in terms of market value.