Six new species of the earthworm genus Metaphire Sims & Easton, 1972, are described from southeastern Vietnam (provinces of Binh Duong, Binh Phuoc, and Ba Ria-Vung Tau), namely M. haui, M. bariaensis, M. planatoides, M. songbeensis, M. setosa, and M. houlletoides. The COI (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) fragment sequence is also provided as an additional character for the recognition of the new species. Interspecifc K2P distances among Metaphire species is from 14.2% to 23.3%, with a mean distance of 17.7%. In addition, an identification key to the species of Metaphire of southeastern Vietnam is also provided.